Crop rotation and cultivation effects on Convolvulus arvensis population dynamics in small grain organic cropping systems

Convolvulus arvensis L. Scop. (field bindweed) is a difficult weed to manage in organic cropping systems. suppression often requires intensive tillage and cultivation practices that have negative impacts on soil quality. To improve C. management organic, small grain systems, we compared ten system treatments field trial from the autumn of 2017 until harvest 2020 Corvallis, MT, USA. Cropping varied along gradient crop competition, with intensity competition inversely related. High disturbance no occurred two remained tilled fallow for consecutive years. Six had different combinations annual or biennial crops, including wheat forages. Two minimal maximum years perennial alfalfa. ramet density was counted annually estimate changes over time. Differences chemical physical properties between were also assessed final study. In first years, there difference among treatments. study, below one per m 2 intensively alfalfa treatments, but much more variable diverse rotations moderate tillage. The only differences aggregate stability. Soil most lower stability than six other indicating higher erosion potential. Our results suggest systems can lead increased density. Incorporating forage an period prevent expansion protect enhance